Terima kasih kerana mengunjungi blog ini, semoga kita dapat sama-sama berkongsi maklumat tentang kebaikan buah durian belanda ini dan kemampuanya melawan kanser.
berikut adalah beberapa petikan yg saya ingin kongsikan bersama anda hasil dari bacaan saya dari beberapa jurnal kesihatan serta laporan kajian saintifik dunia.
" Many bioactive compounds and phytochemicals have been found in graviola, as scientists have been studying its properties since the 1940s. Its many uses in natural medicine have been validated by scientific research. Several studies by different researchers demonstrated that the bark as well as the leaves had hypotensive, antispasmodic, anticonvulsant, vasodilator, smoothmuscle relaxant, and cardiodepressant activities in animals. Researchers verified graviola leaf's hypotensive properties in rats again in 199 Several studies over the years have demonstrated that leaf, bark, root, stem, fruit and seed extracts of graviola are antibacterial in vitro against numerous pathogens and that the bark has antifungal properties.Graviola seeds demonstrated active antiparasitic properties in a 1991 study and a leaf extract showed to be active against malaria in two other studies (in 1990 and 1993).The leaves, root, and seeds of graviola demonstrated insecticidal properties, with the seeds demonstrating strong insecticidal activity in an early 1940 study. In a 1997 clinical study, novel alkaloids found in graviola fruit exhibited antidepressive effects in animals. "
"In an 1976 plant screening program by the National Cancer Institute, graviola leaves and stem showed active cytotoxicity against cancer cells and researchers have been following up on these findings since. Much of the cancer research on graviola focuses on a novel set of phytochemicals called Annonaceous acetogenins. Graviola produces these natural compounds in its leaf and stem, bark, and fruit seeds. Three separate research groups have isolated these acetogenin compounds in graviola which have demonstrated significant antitumorous and anticancerous properties, and selective toxicity against various types of cancer cells (without harming healthy cells) publishing eight clinical studies on their findings.14–21 Many of the acetogenins have demonstrated selective toxicity to tumor cells at very low dosages—as little as
1 part per million. Four studies were published in 1998 which further specify phytochemicals and
acetogenins which are demonstrating the strongest anticancerous, antitumorous, and antiviral properties.Thus far, specific acetogenins in graviola have been reported to be selectively toxic to these types of tumor cells: lung carcinoma cell lines;14,16–19 human breast solid tumor lines;prostate adenocarcinoma; pancreatic carcinoma cell lines; colon adenocarcinoma cell lines;liver cancer cell lines;human lymphoma cell lines; and multi-drug resistant human breast adenocarcinoma.
Annonaceous acetogenins are only found in the Annonaceae family (to which graviola belongs). In general, various Annonaceous acetogenins in the plant family have been documented with antitumorous, antiparasitic, pesticidal, antiprotozoal, antifeedant, anthelmintic, and antimicrobial
activities. Mode of action studies in three separate laboratories have recently determined that
these acetogenins are superb inhibitors of enzyme processes that are only found in the membranes of cancerous tumor cells.
Purdue University, in West Lafayette, Indiana, has conducted a great deal of the research on the acetogenins, much of which has been funded by The National Cancer Institute and/or the National Institute of Health (NIH). Thus far, Purdue University and/or its staff have filed at least nine U.S. and/or international patents on their work around the antitumorous and insecticidal properties and uses of these acetogenins. In one of their reviews, titled “Recent Advances in Annonaceous Acetogenins,” they state, “Recently, we reported that the Annonaceous acetogenins can selectively inhibit the growth of cancerous cells and also inhibit the growth of
\adriamycin resistant tumor cells. As more acetogenins have been isolated and additional
cytotoxicity assays have been conducted, we have noticed that, although most of acetogenins have
high potencies among several solid human tumor cell lines, some of the derivatives within the different structural types and some positional isomers showed remarkable selectivities among certain cell lines; e.g., against prostate cancer (PC-3). We now understand the primary modes of action for the acetogenins. They are potent inhibitors of NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase, which is in an essential enzyme in complex I leading to oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria.
A recent report showed that they act directly at the ubiquinone-catalytic site(s) within complex I and in microbial glucose dehydrogenase. They also inhibit the ubiquinone-linked NADH oxidase that is peculiar to the plasma membranes of cancerous cells.
In 1997, Purdue University published information with promising news that several of the Annonaceous acetogenins " . . . not only are effective in killing tumors that have proven resistant to anti-cancer agents, but also seem to have a special affinity for such resistant cells. In several interviews after this information was publicized, the head pharmacologist in Purdue's research explained how this worked. As he explains it, cancer cells that survive chemotherapy can develop resistance to the agent originally used as well as to other, even unrelated, drugs. This phenomenon is called multi-drug resistance (MDR). One of the ways that cancer cells develop resistance to chemotherapy drugs is by creating an intercellular efflux pump called a P-glycoprotein mediated pump. These types of pumps are capable of pushing anticancer agents out of the cell before they can kill it. On average, only about two percent of the cancer cells in any given person might develop this pump—but they are the two percent that can eventually grow and expand to create multi-drug.....
to be continued...please visit again